Detection of Seed Borne Fungi on Market Storing Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Seeds in Mogadishu, Somalia

Mohamed Ibrahim Abdi-Soojeede^1, , Abubakar Ali Jama¹, Mohamed Ahmed Kullane² and Ahmed Mohamed Farah¹

¹Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Somalia (Uniso), Mogadishu, Somalia

²Agricultural Science and Veterinary Science, University of Somalia (Uniso), Mogadishu, Somalia

Cite this paper

Mohamed Ibrahim Abdi-Soojeede, Abubakar Ali Jama, Mohamed Ahmed Kullane and Ahmed Mohamed Farah. Detection of Seed Borne Fungi on Market Storing Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Seeds in Mogadishu, Somalia. World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2021; 9(3):80-84. doi: 10.12691/WJAR-9-3-1

Abstract

The seed-borne fungi are serious parasitic pathogen that invades the quality and health of seeds. The objective of this study was to determine dominant seed-borne fungi in market stored sorghum seeds in Mogadishu Somalia. Health seeds acts an important role in successful farming, the detection of a crop Fungi are the main part of microflora connected with seeds. Methods. The study design was experimental research using standard blotter methods, the study was conducted in Mogadishu, the capital city of Somalia. Four samples of sorghum seeds were collected 250gs per sample from different market place In Mogadishu, like Bakara Market, Suuqbacad market, Seybiyano Market, and Dayniile market, the samples were used for the finding of seed-borne fungi. The first group was washed with distilled water and rubbed before planting, while the second group was not washed directly planted. Five hundred seeds were put on wet plastic soft tissue and then placed in a Petri dish at the rate of 25 seeds/plate. The result: The totality of positive sample in all seeds (n=100 washed, n=400 unwashed), was 106 seeds with (21.2%). The two serious fungi species, Fusarium spp, and Aspergillosis spp with percentages of 25(6.25%) and 11(2.75%) respectively. The occurrence of the seed-born fungi in sorghum seeds is a primary sign of the existence of other seed-borne pathogens which can affect the seeds and consumer health. The recommendation is to start farmers learning the safe storage techniques of seeds, and safe seed treatment before use.

Keywords

seed, fungi, market and sorghum, Mogadishu, Somalia

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]	Vaja, S., Sohaliya, N., & Vahunia, B. (2018). Management of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Seed Mycoflora by Means of Bio-agents in vitro. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 7(6), 3515-3518.
[2]	Ingle, S. S. (2021). ASSESSMENT OF GROUND NUT SEED MYCOFLORA. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(9), 2766-2768.
[3]	Taye, W., Ayalew, A., Dejene, M., & Chala, A. (2018). Fungal invasion and mycotoxin contamination of stored sorghum grain as influenced by threshing methods. International Journal of Pest Management, 64(1), 66-76.
[4]	WHO (2018), Food Safety Digest – Aflatoxins, Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses, https://www.who.int/foodsafety/FSDigest_Aflatoxins_EN.pdf,
[5]	Shoemaker, C. E., & Bransby, D. I. (2010, September). The role of sorghum as a bioenergy feedstock. In Sustainable Alternative Fuel Feedstock Opportunities, Challenges and Roadmaps for Six US Regions. Proceedings of the Sustainable Feedstocks for Advanced Biofuel Workshop (pp. 149-159).
[6]	Tripathi RK: Head fungi of Sorghum, phototoxic and other effects on seed germination. Indian Phytopathology, 27, 1997: 499-501.
[7]	Deshpande KS and Gajewar DS: Effect of toxic metabolite of Helminthosporium longirostrata on germination of M35-1 Sorghum. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 46 (12), 1976: 584-588.
[8]	Kandhare, A. S. (2014). Mycotoxic effects of seed-born fungi on seed health of black gram. Journal of Plant & Agriculture Research, 1(1), 1-3.
[9]	Taye, W., Ayalew, A., Dejene, M., & Chala, A. (2018). Fungal invasion and mycotoxin contamination of stored sorghum grain as influenced by threshing methods. International Journal of Pest Management, 64(1), 66-76.
[10]	Tanaka B, Maeda JA, Plazas I. Fungal microflora con seeds storage environment. Scientia Agricola. 2001; 58:501-508.
[11]	Srinivas, A., Pushpavathi, B., Lakshmi, B. K. M., & Shashibhushan, V. (2017). Detection of seed borne mycoflora of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Pharma Innov. J, 6, 256-259.
[12]	Wielogorska, E., Mooney, M., Eskola, M., Ezekiel, C. N., Stranska, M., Krska, R., & Elliott, C. (2019). Occurrence and human-health impacts of mycotoxins in Somalia. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 67(7), 2052-2060.
[13]	Hassan-Kadle, M. A. (2017). The Diagnostic Challenges, Possible Etiologies and Lack of Researches of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Somalia. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 7(03), 115.