World Journal of Agricultural Research

The research was conducted to find out the decision-making quantitative and qualitative variables that devise the different types of farmers’ involvement in freshwater fish farming in Bangladesh. Combinations of the participatory, qualitative and quantitative methods were used for primary data collection. Researchers considered 29 explanatory variables under the category of economic, socio-economic, institution, ecology, and geography to find out the appropriate causes of increasing or decreasing the fish land ratio. Ten variables were selected for the regression model after applying two multi-collinearity detection methods. Regression model shows that five economic factors (Crop and fish labor requirement, availability of cereal food, least crop area and availability of feed), and one geographical factor (distance of extension office) have a significant effect on making the decision of fish land use. Among the significant factors, fish feed availability plays the vital role to make the decision of freshwater fish farming in Bangladesh.

World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015, 3(6), 208-217. DOI: 10.12691/wjar-3-6-5
Pub. Date: December 10, 2015

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Suitable Maturity Stage, Type of Cuttings and Potting Media for Vegetative Propagation of Pogostemon heyneanus Benth

by Rathnayake R.M.D.H., Dharmadasa R.M. and Abeysinghe D.C.

Original Research

Pogostemon heyneanus Benth. (Lamiaceae) is an industrially important aromatic crop extensively cultivated in Asian countries as the main ingredient of perfume, high valued cosmetic and an array of ayurvedic products. Eventhogh it has high potential as an industrial crop, commercial cultivation in Sri Lanka is hampered due to lack of authentic, superior quality planting materials and optimized protocol for mass propagation of P. heyneanus. Therefore, in the present study an attempt has been made to investigate the optimum protocol for mass propagation of authentic, superior quality variety of P. heyneanus in order to ensure the commercial scale cultivation in Sri Lanka. Two types of cuttings (single and double nodal) at three maturity stages (i.e. softwood, semi-hardwood and hardwood) were obtained from healthy mother plants and planted in poly bags filled with top soil: sand: compost ratios of 1:1:1, 1:1:2 and 1:2:1. Number of leaves, number of branches, length of branches, height and the spreading of plants were recorded at 2 weeks intervals. Data were analysed and the highest plant height (52.9 ± 2.1 cm), length of branches (82.2 ± 5.6 cm), number of leaves (32.3 ± 2.6), number of branches (4.6 ± 1.5) and spreading of plant canopy (28.5 ± 1.7 cm) were observed in hardwood double nodal cuttings planted in potting medium 1:1:1 ratio. It is thus suggested to use hardwood double nodal cuttings as planting material and top soil 1: sand 1: compost 1 as potting medium for propagation of P. heyneanus in commercial scale cultivation.

World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015, 3(6), 203-207. DOI: 10.12691/wjar-3-6-4
Pub. Date: November 27, 2015

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Susceptibility of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Clones to Neofusicoccum ribis

by Nyaka Ngobisa A.I.C., Zainal Abidin M.A., Wong M.Y., Abbas Nasehi, Ntsomboh Ntsefong Godswill and Owona Ndongo Pierre-Andre

Original Research

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of Neofusicoccum ribis to infect leaf surfaces of different rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clones. Neofusicoccum ribis isolates previously identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and DNA sequence analysis were used to inoculate rubber leaves and seedlings in vitro and in vivo respectively. Neofusicoccum ribis isolates were demonstrated to cause lesions on rubber clones examined in this study. There was variation in susceptibility of the rubber clones to the pathogen. This study provides useful information that could be exploited to better manage the disease.

World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015, 3(6), 198-202. DOI: 10.12691/wjar-3-6-3
Pub. Date: November 12, 2015

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Molecular Diversity Assessment in Chickpea through RAPD and ISSR Markers

by Sameer. S. Bhagyawant, Neha Gupta, Ajay Gautam, S.K. Chaturvedi and Nidhi Shrivastava

Original Research

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a cool season food legume in the family of Fabaceae. The exploration of genetically variable accessions is the key source of germplasm conservation for future selecting parents for breeding. PCR based analysis employing RAPD and ISSR marker are one of the established techniques of estimation of genetic diversity. Twelve chickpea accessions were analyzed by ten RAPD and ISSR primers of which all primers gave amplification products. The results showed that the level of DNA polymorphism in these accessions is low. RAPD analysis yielded 5.9 bands per primer while ISSR analysis produce 2.8 bands per primer. The average percentage of molecular polymorphism as produced by RAPD and ISSR primers was 67%. The cluster dendrogram demonstrated a similarity coefficient range of 0.10 to 0.66 due to RAPD markers, whereas ISSR markers showed 0.60 to 0.80. The variability index worked out in the present study ranges from 0.49 to 0.78. The present study determines DNA polymorphism in chickpea accessions as revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Overall the study ascertained that RAPD and ISSR marker provide powerful tools in revealing genetic diversity in chickpea.

World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015, 3(6), 192-197. DOI: 10.12691/wjar-3-6-2
Pub. Date: November 06, 2015

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Efficacy Assessment of Treatment Methods against Powdery Mildew Disease of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Caused by Erysiphe pisi var. pisi

by Ateet Maharjan, Bhupendra Bhatta, Raju Prasad Acharya, Sagar G. C. and Swati Shrestha

Review Article

The experiment was conducted to find out the efficacy of different treatments against powdery mildew of pea (Erysiphepisi var. pisi) in Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal during Dec. 2014 to April 2015. Four treatments viz. Skimmed cow milk (250 ml/plot), Karathane (2 ml/L), Trichoderma (107condia/ml) and Control (distilled water) were used as foliar spray on plants. Considering Disease severity (%), Disease control (%) and Total Area under Disease Progress Curve, Trichoderma was found to be effective than Skimmed cow milk and Control but was at par with Karathane, in controlling over Powdery mildew disease. Number of pods/plant and weight of grains/plant were observed highest in Trichodermawhich was followed by Karathane. There was no significant difference between treatments in case of weight of pods/plant and dry weight/plant. AUDPC/day value increased in control in different sprayings but AUDPC value/day initially increased and later decreased for Trichoderma, Karathane and skimmed cow milk. All the yield and yield attributing characters were negatively correlated with AUDPC but number of pods/plant and weight of pods/plant were positively correlated. Reduction in yield was also caused by infection of Rust (Uromycespisi) in field. Four foliar sprays of Trichoderma (107condia/ml) or Karathane@ 0.2% at interval of 7 days may be the option for the management of powdery mildew in severe condition. Trichoderma can be alternative method for farmers to have eco-friendly management of Powdery mildew as Karathane has negative impact on human and plant health.

World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015, 3(6), 185-191. DOI: 10.12691/wjar-3-6-1
Pub. Date: November 03, 2015

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