Nodulation Responses of Four Food Crop Legumes to Cross-inoculation in the Guinea-savannah (Ngaoundere-cameroon) and Sudanian (Sarh-Chad) Zones

Gomoung Doloum^{1, 2}, Albert Ngakou^2, and Mbaiguinam Mbailao³

¹Department of Biology-geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, University of Sarh, P.O. Box 105 Sarh, Chad

²Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon

³Research Laboratory of Natural Substances, University of N’Djamena, Chad

Cite this paper

Gomoung Doloum, Albert Ngakou and Mbaiguinam Mbailao. Nodulation Responses of Four Food Crop Legumes to Cross-inoculation in the Guinea-savannah (Ngaoundere-cameroon) and Sudanian (Sarh-Chad) Zones. World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2017; 5(3):117-125. doi: 10.12691/WJAR-5-3-1

Abstract

A cross-inoculation study on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), and soybean (Glycine max L.) was carried out to screen potentially hight nodulating and nitrogen fixing Rhizobium strains suitable for important crops legumes in the Adamawa region (Cameroon) and middle-Chari region (Chad). The experiment was displayed in a complete Randomised Block with 6 forms of inoculation representing the treatments, each of which was replicated four times. An experimental field consisted of 4 blocks, each rcorresponding to a specific crop legume, which was submitted to each of the following treatments: the control (Ctrl); Groundnut Rhizobium (GR); Cowpea Rhizobium (CR); Soybean Rhizobium (SR); bambara groundnut Rhizobium (BR); and the mixture of these 4 rhizobia (MR). The cross-inoculation types consisted of taking Rhizobium isolates from each crop legume and coating with each of the seed crop before sowing (GR/cowpea/soybean/bambara groundnut, CR/groundnut/soybean/ bambara groundnut, BR/cowpea/soybean/groundnut, SR/cowpea/groundnut bambara/ groundnut, MR/groundnut/cowpea/soybean/Bambara groundnut). Cross-inoculation significantly (p = 0.001) improved the number, efficiency and dry weight of the nodules in all the crop legumes. The responses to nodule efficiency differed from one treatment or host plant species to another. In our investigation to the speculation whether one rhizobial strain can nodulate several crop legumes, we found out that groundnut can be inoculated with SR/BR in Cameroon, or CR/BR in Chad, whereas CR/BR/MR were the best trains to be associated with cowpea both in Cameroon and Chad. Farmer could also use CR/SR in Cameroon and SR/BR in Chad to inoculate soybean, or inoculate bambara groundnut in Cameroon and Chad with GR/BR. All the four crop legumes are thus considered as are promiscuous since each can form symbiotic associations with rhizobia from many other hosts. Selecting these highly effective rhizobia is an important step toward commercial inoculants production for biological nitrogen fixation research in our developing world context.

Keywords

Rhizobium, cross-inoculation, crop legumes, nodulation, Chad, Cameroon

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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